System of cooling dynamo-electric machines



Sept. 9 1924. 1,508,228

T. P. KIRKPATRICK I I SYSTEM OF COOLING DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES Filedaw 17. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I I I I I l g H I l INVENTOR WITNESSES:Tbamas Plfirkpatrzc/r 1m 08W W 4 ATTORNEY Sept. 1924. 1,508,228

T. P. KIRKPATRICK SYSTEM OF COOLING DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES Fi y 171920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J 1a 16 a? mi 3 i I I g; I a f 2 y 20 17 i I E I ii g g 1 a ,i 1 1 I i, Z I '5 1/ a \H/ i M1L76: 22 A 33 15% H 5 INVENTORr imam/ MM 7 Mg/ ms Plfirlgm 1:1;

1% C. 08W I ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 9, 1924.

UNITED s'rpxrss PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS P. KIRKPATRICK, OF WILKINSBUR-G, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGTTOR T0 WEST-INGHOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF PENN-SYLVANIA.

SYSTEM 0 COOLING DYNAMIC-ELECTRIC MACHINES.

A pp1icati0n filed May 17, 1920. Serial No. 381,953.

To all whom 2'25 may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS P. KIRKPAT- RICK, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of ll ilkin'sburg, in the county of Allegheny andState of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inSystems of Cooling Dynamo-Electric Ma chines, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to the ventilation of dynamo-electric machines andit has particular relation to a system of the character designated thatis adapted for use in an electric motor operating in a vacuum, such, forexample, as a motor for actuating a ships gyroscope.

The object of my invention is to provide a motor of simple design whichshall prevent over-heating of a dynamo-electric machine operatingwithina vacuum, which shall be relatively simple and inexpensive tomanufacture, and which shallv be of durable con struction.

Heretofore it has been customary to cool motors by circulating airthrough channels therein. However, in machines operating within avacuum, this is, of course, impossible. By my invention, 1 provide meansfor cooling a motor which operates in a vacuum. Briefly speaking, myinvention consists in providing an annular chamber in the stator-frameof the motor through which circulating water is forced for cooling theframe. The stator winding is bent against the frame and the spacebetween the winding and the frame is filled with gum or otherheat-conducting material to conduct the heat from the winding to theframe. End plates composed of non-mag netic material are employed fordiminishing and leakage fluxes and for securing better heat conduction.

A better understanding of my invention may be had by referring to theaccompanying drawings, of which Fig.1 is a view, partially in sideelevation and partly in section, of a gyroscope and a driving motortherefor enclosed in an air-tight case and embodying my invention. Fig.2 is an enlarged plan view of the motor shown in Fig. 1, the primarywinding being omitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. 3 is a sectionalview of the motor shown in Figs. 1 and 2, taken along the line IIIIII ofFig. 2.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1, a gyroscope 1 comprises a fly-wheel .2mounted on a shaft 3 that is driven by a motor 4. The gyroscope 1 andthe driving motor 4 are both enclosed within an air-tight casing member5. The casing 5 comprises an upper, a central and a lower member 6, 7and 8, respectively. The motor & comprises a rotor 9, a stator 10 andframe 11, the latter of which is mounted on an annular ledge 12 of thecasing 5 by means of tap bolts 13.

Cooling water is circulated through the frame 11 of the stator 10 bymeans of inlet and outlet pipes 1 1 and 15, respectively, which enterthe casing 5 tl1rough an opening 16 provided therein.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, the frame 11 of the stator 10 is providedwith an annular chamber 17 through which is circulated-a cooling fluid,such, for example, as water. A plate 18, constituting the upper portionof the field frame and a cover for the chamber 17, is provided to avoidthe necessity of employing asingle casting of difficult construction. Aninlet and outlet chamber 19 and 20, respectively, at one side of thecasing are in communication with the annular chamber 17 and with theinlet and the outlet pipes 1 1 and 15, respectively.

A stator winding 21 of the motor at is bent into proximity to end plates22. The winding 21 is covered by, and the space between the winding 21and the end plate 22 is filled with, a body of gum 23 or other suitableinsulating heat-conducting material such as Stirling varnish, whichadheres to the end plates 22 and aids in conducting heat from thewinding to the end plates. The gum 23 is preferably applied insuccessive layers, each layer being baked prior to the application ofthe next succeeding layer. By this method, the end turns of the windings21 are actually embedded 'in a solid mass of electrically insulating andheat-conducting material which is internally associated with the endplates 22. The end plates 22 are made of some non-magnetic materialwhich is a good conductor of heat, such, for eX- ample, as brass, andare secured to the frame 11 and the cover plate 18 by means of bolts24:. The end plates 22 conduct the heat to the frame 11 and the covermember 18, both of which form a portion of the walls of the Waterchamber 17.

Water for cooling the motor'a is supplied from some external source, notshown, through the pipe 14, shown inFig. 1, and the inlet chamber 19into the annular cham ber 17. 3 After the water has circulated throughthe chamber 17, it is discharged through the outlet chamber 20 and theoutlet pipe 15. If it is desired, a cooling sys.

tem may be installed whereby the water is cooled and again passedthrough the machine, thereby efiecting a saving of water.

' .When the motor 4 is in operation, the primary winding 21 becomesheated and, as the motor is in a vacuum, the heat would soon injure thewinding if it were not conducted through the insulatingvgum 23 to theend plates 22 to Y the frame 11 and the cover :plate 18. The circulationof water through thechamberl? carries the heat away from the frame 11and'the cover plate 18.

From the foregoing description, it will be obvious to those skilled inthe art that my invention provides "means for efiectively coolinga motoroperating in a vacuum and that apparatus constructed in accordancetherewith is relatively inexpensive to manufacture and strong anddurable in construction While I have shown my invention in its preferredform, I do not desire to be limited thereto, but rather to be limited bythe spirit V and scope Ofthe. appended claims.

I claim as my invention V 1. In a dynamo-electric machine, thecombinationwith a stator frame having a chamber therein and providedwith a winding having end turns provided with insulating 'means'thereon,of end plates of nonmagnetic material associated in heat-conductingrelation with said frame, sald end turns being bent into close proximityto said plates with said insulating means contacting with both saidturns and said plates, and

means for conducting a cooling fluid through said chamber. i v

'2. A dynamoelectric machine, adapted to operate in a vacuum, comprisinga stator member, a frame therefor having a chamber therein for thecirculation of a cooling medium therethrough, a winding carriedby saidstator having the end turns thereof bent into close proximity to saidframe and the walls of said chamber, electrically insulating and" heatconducting material coveringsaid windings and adhering to said frame,to-

facilitate the conduction of heat from said windings to said frame andnon-magnetic means disposed between said end turns and said frame.

3. The combination with a dynamo-electric machine operating in a-vacuumand vcomprisinga stator frame having a winding 'mounted thereon and achamber thereln, of

a separate casing enclosing said motor and provided with an opening incommunications with said chamber, end plates of non-mag- 5 neticmaterial attached to said frame, the

THOMAS P; KIRKPATRICK:

whereof, I have hereuntoi

